CompTIA Linux+ XK0-005 - 1.3 - Storage Hardware

Storage hardware is an essential component of any computer system. In this guide, we will explore various commands that can help you gather information about storage devices connected to your Linux system.

lsscsi

The lsscsi command provides a list of SCSI devices connected to the system. It displays information such as the device name, device type, vendor, and model. This can be useful for identifying SCSI devices and their associated block devices.

Command example:

$ lsscsi
[0:0:0:0]    disk    ATA              ABCD1234  /dev/sda
[1:0:0:0]    cd/dvd  HL-DT-ST DVDRAM  ABCD1234  /dev/sr0

lsblk

The lsblk command lists information about block devices in a tree-like format. It provides details such as device names, major and minor numbers, disk size, partitions, and mount points. This command is particularly helpful for visualizing the storage hierarchy and understanding the relationships between devices.

Command example:

$ lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0   20G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2   8:2    0   19G  0 part /

blkid

The blkid command is used to display information about block devices such as partitions and file systems. It can provide details like UUIDs (Universally Unique Identifiers), file system types, and labels. This command is often used to identify specific devices or file systems when configuring mount points or modifying system configurations.

Command example:

$ blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="abcd1234" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="1234abcd-01"
/dev/sda2: UUID="efgh5678" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="5678efgh-02"

fcstat

The fcstat command is used to display Fibre Channel (FC) statistics for Fibre Channel Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) in the system. It provides information such as HBA port details, link state, error statistics, and other performance-related metrics. This command is specifically useful in Fibre Channel storage environments.

Command example:

$ fcstat
HBA Port WWN: 0xabcd1234567890
        State: Online
        Link Failure Count: 0
        Loss of Sync Count: 0
        Loss of Signal Count: 0
        Primitive Seq Protocol Error Count: 0
        Invalid Tx Word Count: 0
        Invalid CRC Count: 0
        Max NPIV Supported: 255
        NPIV virtual ports: 1

Conclusion

Understanding storage hardware and having the ability to gather information about connected devices is crucial for system administrators and users. In this guide, we explored several commands that help in examining storage hardware. The lsscsi command provides a list of SCSI devices, while lsblk displays information about block devices in a tree-like format. blkid is useful for identifying block devices and their file systems, and fcstat helps monitor Fibre Channel HBAs in a Fibre Channel storage environment.

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